এইচএসসি ইংরেজি প্রথম পত্র, শেষ মুহূর্তের প্রস্তুতি

ïay 15 b¤^i bq, fvlv`¶Zvi cÖK…Z gvb`Ð: HSC English First Paper-Gi Cloze Test with Clues I Cloze Test without Clues-Gi ¸iæZ¡

wk¶v_©x‡`i `xN© cix¶vg~jK Rxe‡b Bs‡iwR cÖ_g c‡Îi cÖkœcÎ wb‡q †h k¼v I `ywðšÍvi Aemvb N‡U bv, Zvi Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY n‡jv Ô†K¬vR †U÷Õ (Cloze Test)| wbw`©ó Aby‡”Q‡`i k~b¨¯’vb c~i‡Yi GB AskwU `yB fv‡M wef³___ †K¬vR †U÷ DB_ K¬ym (5 b¤^i) Ges †K¬vR †U÷ DB`vDU K¬ym (10 b¤^i)| cix¶vi LvZvq gvÎ 15 b¤^‡ii GB AskwU †h †Kej cix¶v_©x‡`i e¨v‡Mi fvi evovq, Zv bq; eis fvlvweÁv‡bi (Linguistics) Av‡jv‡K wePvi Ki‡j GwU GKRb wk¶v_©xi Bs‡iwR fvlvMZ `¶Zv gvcvi me‡P‡q ˆeÁvwbK I wbf©i‡hvM¨ gva¨g| 1953 mv‡j DBjmb †UBji (Wilson Taylor) bvgK GKRb g‡bvweÁvbx cÖ_g Ô‡K¬vR †U÷Õ c×wZwU D™¢veb K‡ib| Zuvi hyw³ wQj mnR___ GKwU fvlvi mve©Rbxb KvVv‡gv Ges cvV‡Ki gw¯Í‡®‹i c~e©vbygvwbK ¶gZvi (Predictive Ability) g‡a¨ GK Mfxi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wk¶ve¨e¯’vq †hvM Kiv n‡q‡Q GB c×wZ, hvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wk¶v_©x‡`i evK¨MVb I A_©‡ev‡ai Mfx‡i †cŠuQv‡bv| `yf©vM¨RbK n‡jI mZ¨, Avgv‡`i †`‡ki cÖPwjZ †KvwPs ms¯‹…wZ I MvBW eB‡qi Kvi‡Y GB ˆeÁvwbK c×wZwU n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q GK wbôyi iwUs‡qi Abykxjb| wewfbœ †U÷ †ccv‡i cÖwZ eQi wbw`©ó wKQz Aby‡”Q` evievi †`Iqv nq Ges wk¶v_©xiv †m¸‡jv webv †evSvq gyL¯’ K‡i cix¶vi n‡j DËi †jLvi †Póv K‡i| d‡j cix¶v wbqš¿K‡`i bZzb I A‡Pbv Aby‡”Q` (Unseen Passage) †`Iqvi cÖeYZv evo‡j wk¶v_©xiv wn‡Z wecixZ nq|

k~b¨¯’vb c~i‡Yi 6wU †gŠwjK †KŠkj

1. ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv (Structural Expectation):

GKwU wbw`©ó ev‡K¨i MVb cieZ©x k‡ãi aib wba©viY K‡i †`q| †hgb: k~b¨¯’v‡bi wVK Av‡M hw` 'a' ev 'an' article _v‡K, Z‡e †mLv‡b Aek¨B GKwU Noun Avm‡e| Avevi k~b¨¯’v‡bi Av‡M hw` Subject (†hgb: He, Birds) _v‡K, Z‡e †mLv‡b fvem¤úbœ GKwU Verb Gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| GB †KŠk‡j k‡ãi A_© bv †R‡bB Parts of Speech wba©viY Kiv hvq|

2. Av`k© evK¨ µg (Standard Syntax Order):

Bs‡iwR ev‡K¨ mvaviYZ wbw`©ó µg _v‡K: Subject + Verb + Object + Conjunction/Relative Pronoun/Punctuation + Subject + Verb + Object| GQvov Noun-Gi Av‡M Article, Adjective ev Preposition e‡m| Verb-Gi Av‡M ev c‡i Auxiliaries ev Adverbs e‡m| k~b¨¯’vbwU †Kvb Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q, †mB Ae¯’v‡bi µg Abyhvqx mwVK Parts of Speech emv‡Z n‡e|

3. A_©MZ mngwg©Zv I cÖm½ (Contextual & Semantic Unity):

GKwU Aby‡”Q‡`i cÖwZwU evK¨ G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ hy³| k~b¨¯’v‡bi Av‡Mi I c‡ii evK¨¸‡jv co‡j GKwU mvgwMÖK A‡_©i aviYv cvIqv hvq| k‡ãi A_© bv Rvb‡jI ev‡K¨i evwK Ask †_‡K †hŠw³Kfv‡e Abygvb Kiv hvq †h, k~b¨¯’vbwU †Kvb ai‡bi A_© enb Ki‡Q (‡hgb: BwZevPK bv †bwZevPK)|

4. wbw`©ó kãhyM‡ji eÜb (Fixed Word Combinations):

wKQz kã Av‡Q †h¸‡jv GKmv‡_ em‡jB wbw`©ó A_© cÖKvk K‡i (‡hgb: make a decision, devoted to)| k~b¨¯’v‡bi Gcvk-Icv‡ki †Kv‡bv cwiwPZ kã †`L‡jB gw¯Í®‹ ¯^qswµqfv‡e Zvi wbw`©ó m½x kãwUi A‡c¶v K‡i|

5. †hŠw³K ms‡hvMKvix kã (Logical Connectors):

evK¨ ev evK¨vs‡ki g‡a¨ Zzjbv, wecixZ, KviY ev djvdj †evSv‡Z wKQz wbw`©ó kã e¨eüZ nq (‡hgb: but, however, therefore, not only... but also)| GB k㸇jv †_‡K †evSv hvq k~b¨¯’v‡bi c‡ii AskwU Av‡Mi As‡ki mv‡_ GKB w`‡K hv‡”Q bvwK wecixZ w`‡K|

6. welqe¯‘MZ kãPµ (Thematic Word Cluster):

GKwU wbw`©ó wel‡qi Ici †jLv Aby‡”Q‡` IB wel‡qi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z GKwU wbw`©ó k‡ãi Pµ KvR K‡i| †hgb: cwi‡ek wb‡q wjL‡j environment, ecology, habitat Gi g‡Zv kã Avmvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| K¬y _vK‡j GB Pµ †_‡K mn‡RB mwVK kã †e‡Q †bIqv hvq|

ev¯Íe cÖ‡qvM: K¬ymn k~b¨¯’vb c~iY (With Clues)

 

requiring	provide	interesting	enthusiast	factors	ecology	worship
season	doing	extinction	habitat	importance	environment	time

 

cÖkœ: Bird-watching has been a favourite pastime for many nature-lovers. In the past, some birds (a) ___ as messengers of the gods. Bird watching these days (b) ___ for the fun of finding out more about our feathered friends. In recent years, birds have become the barometers of (c) ___ changes around us. Bird-watchers have made (d) ___ contributions towards (e) ___ information about which birds have vanished from which areas or become (f) ___ altogether. They even are trying to find out the factors which are having bad effects on their (g) ___. Bird- watching (h) ___ a lot of perseverance and might cover days, months or years, through summer or winter, heat or rain to observe (i) ___ habits of birds. Real (j) ___ have even gone to remote islands to observe birds.

(a) k~b¨¯’vb: ...some birds (a) ___ as messengers...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv I Av`k© evK¨ µg): GLv‡b 'birds' GKwU Subject| Gici k~b¨¯’vb Ges Zvici 'as messengers' (Prepositional phrase)| Subject-Gi c‡i GKwU c~Y©v½ Verb-Gi cÖ‡qvRb| K¬y‡Z _vKv 'worship' kãwU‡K ev‡K¨i AZxZ Kv‡ji (In the past) †cÖ¶vcU Abyhvqx Passive Voice-Gi Verb-G iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e, KviY worship wb‡R Kg© K‡i bv, eis gvby‡li Øviv Kiv nq|

DËi: were worshipped

(b) k~b¨¯’vb: Bird watching these days (b) ___ for the fun...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg I ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'Bird watching' Subject| Gici k~b¨¯’vb| Gici 'for the fun' (Prepositional phrase). GLv‡b GKwU Kg©evPK ev Active/Passive Verb-Gi cÖ‡qvRb| 'these days' eZ©gvb Kvj †evSvq| K¬y †_‡K 'doing' wb‡q Passive form (is done) ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e, KviY Bird-watching wb‡R Kg© K‡i bv, eis gvby‡li Øviv Kiv nq|

DËi: is done

(c) k~b¨¯’vb: ...barometers of (c) ___ changes...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg I welqe¯‘MZ kãPµ): 'of' GKwU Preposition| Preposition-Gi c‡i Noun ev Noun-Gi KvR K‡i Ggb kã e‡m| GLv‡b 'changes' Noun-Gi c~‡e© GKwU Adjective ev Noun-Adjective em‡e| cy‡iv Aby‡”Q`wU cÖK…wZ I cwi‡ek wb‡q, ZvB 'environment' kãwU GLv‡b Noun wn‡m‡e e‡m 'changes'-†K †hvM¨Zv w`‡”Q|

DËi: environment

(d) k~b¨¯’vb: ...made (d) ___ contributions...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'made' GKwU Verb| Verb-Gi c‡i Object wn‡m‡e Noun ('contributions') G‡m‡Q| Noun-Gi wVK Av‡M Gi ¸Y †evSv‡Z Adjective e‡m| K¬y‡Z _vKv 'importance'-†K Adjective 'important'-G iƒcvšÍi Ki‡j GwU ev‡K¨ cwic~Y©Zv cvq|

DËi: important

(e) k~b¨¯’vb: ...towards (e) ___ information...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'towards' Preposition-Gi c‡i mivmwi Noun em‡jI nq, wKš‘ c‡i †h 'information' (Noun) G‡m‡Q Zvi A_© c~Y© Ki‡Z n‡j GKwU wµqvRvZ we‡klY (Verb-ing / Gerund) cÖ‡qvRb| 'provide' †_‡K 'providing' Ki‡j GwU A_©MZfv‡e mwVK nq (Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kivi cÖwµqv)|

DËi: providing

(f) k~b¨¯’vb: ...become (f) ___ altogether.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'become' GKwU Linking Verb| Linking verb-Gi c‡i c~e©eZ©x Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b †evSv‡Z Adjective e‡m| 'altogether' g~jZ wejywß †evSvq| ZvB 'extinction' (Noun) †K Adjective 'extinct'-G cwiYZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

DËi: extinct

(g) k~b¨¯’vb: ...effects on their (g) ___.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'their' GKwU Possessive Adjective| Gi c‡i Aek¨B GKwU Noun em‡e| cvwLi Ici Lvivc cÖfv‡ei K_v ejv n‡”Q, ZvB Zv‡`i evm¯’v‡bi K_vB GLv‡b †hŠw³Kfv‡e D‡V Avm‡e|

DËi: habitat

(h) k~b¨¯’vb: Bird-watching (h) ___ a lot of perseverance...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'Bird-watching' Subject-Gi c‡i GKwU Finite Verb `iKvi, hv 'perseverance' (Object)-†K MÖnY Ki‡e| 'requiring'-Gi mivmwi Present form 'requires' e¨envi Ki‡j Subject-Verb Agreement †g‡j|

DËi: requires

(i) k~b¨¯’vb: ...observe (i) ___ habits of birds.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'observe' (Verb) Ges 'habits' (Noun) -Gi gvSLv‡b k~b¨¯’vb| Noun-Gi c~‡e© Zvi ˆewkó¨ †evSv‡Z Adjective e‡m| 'interesting' kãwU GLv‡b Adjective wn‡m‡e e‡m cvwLi Af¨vm‡K eY©bv Ki‡Q|

DËi: interesting

(j) k~b¨¯’vb: Real (j) ___ have even gone...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'Real' (Adjective) Gi c‡i Ges 'have' (Verb) Gi Av‡M †h kãwU em‡e Zv‡K Aek¨B Noun n‡Z n‡e, KviY Giv cieZ©x Verb-Gi Subject| 'enthusiast' †_‡K eûePb Noun 'enthusiasts' ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e 'have' verb-Gi mv‡_ wgj ivL‡Z|

DËi: enthusiasts

ev¯Íe cÖ‡qvM: K¬ywenxb k~b¨¯’vb c~iY (Without Clues)

cÖkœ: Rabindranath Tagore was a man of (a) __ genius. He was (b) __ a poet and a novelist (c) __ a playwright, a composer, a painter and a philosopher. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for (d) __'Gitanjali' into English. Those translations earned him a great (e) __ in the West. As a humanist, Tagore accused the British (f) __ for the (g) __ of India from Britain. Tagore was highly influential in (h)__ best of Indian culture to the West and Vice-versa. He (i) __ himself to literature at a very early age. After coming back from England, he began to write (j) __ in all branches of literature.

(a) k~b¨¯’vb: ...man of (a) __ genius.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (wbw`©ó kãhyM‡ji eÜb I Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'of' GKwU Preposition| Preposition-Gi c‡i 'genius' (Noun) G‡m‡Q| Noun-Gi c~‡e© GKwU Adjective em‡e| 'Man of genius' GKwU cÖPwjZ evK¨vsk n‡jI, iex›`ªbv‡_i eûgyLx cÖwZfvi K_v c‡i D‡jøL _vKvq GLv‡b 'versatile' (eûgyLx) ev 'extraordinary' emvwU †hŠw³Kfv‡e me‡P‡q wbLyuZ|

DËi: versatile / extraordinary

(b) k~b¨¯’vb: He was (b) __ a poet and a novelist...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (‡hŠw³K ms‡hvMKvix kã): ev‡K¨ Zuv‡K †Kej Kwe ev Jcb¨vwmK wn‡m‡e D‡jøL Kiv nqwb, eis cieZ©x As‡k AviI A‡bK cwiPq †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ZvB GLv‡b GKwU hyMcr ms‡hvMKvix k‡ãi cÖ_g Ask em‡e, hv cieZ©x k~b¨¯’v‡bi mv‡_ hy³ n‡e|

DËi: not only

(c) k~b¨¯’vb: ...and a novelist (c) __ a playwright...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (‡hŠw³K ms‡hvMKvix kã I Av`k© evK¨ µg): (c) bs k~b¨¯’v‡b 'not only' emvi ci Gi hyw³m½Z wecixZ Ask wn‡m‡e 'but also' em‡Z n‡e| GwU ev‡K¨i Zvj I A_©‡K c~Y©Zv †`q|

DËi: but also

(d) k~b¨¯’vb: ...Nobel Prize for (d) __'Gitanjali' into English.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'for' GKwU Preposition| Gi c‡i 'Gitanjali' (Noun) Ges 'into English' (Prepositional phrase). GKwU eB‡K Ab¨ fvlvq iƒcvšÍ‡ii KvR‡K †evSv‡Z Preposition-Gi c‡i Verb-Gi -ing iƒc ev Gerund e‡m| A_© bv †R‡bI MVbMZ w`K †_‡K 'translating' emvwU Acwinvh©|

DËi: translating

(e) k~b¨¯’vb: ...earned him a great (e) __ in the West.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv I A_©MZ mngwg©Zv): 'a great' (Article + Adjective)-Gi c‡i 'in the West' (Prepositional phrase), Gi gv‡S †h kãwU em‡e Zv Aek¨B Noun n‡e| cwð‡g m¤§vb ev L¨vwZ AR©b Kivi †cÖ¶vc‡U 'reputation' ev 'fame' Gi g‡Zv weg~Z© Noun emvwU †hŠw³K|

DËi: reputation / fame

(f) k~b¨¯’vb: ...accused the British (f) __ for the...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (wbw`©ó kãhyM‡ji eÜb): 'Accuse' GKwU Verb| KvD‡K †Kv‡bv wKQzi Rb¨ Awfhy³ Ki‡Z Bs‡iwR e¨vKi‡Y 'accuse someone of something' GB wbw`©ó evK¨ MVbwU e¨eüZ nq| k‡ãi A_© bv eyS‡jI GB eÜbwU †g‡b 'of' emv‡Z n‡e|

DËi: of

(g) k~b¨¯’vb: ...for the (g) __ of India from Britain.

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (A_©MZ mngwg©Zv I Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'the' (Article) Ges 'of India from Britain'-Gi gvSLv‡b GKwU Noun em‡e| weª‡Ub †_‡K fvi‡Zi †h Ae¯’vi K_v ejv n‡”Q, Zv ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi| 'Independence' kãwU GLv‡b MvVwbKfv‡e GK`g wbLyuZ|

DËi: independence

(h) k~b¨¯’vb: ...influential in (h)__ best of Indian culture...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (Av`k© evK¨ µg): 'in' Preposition-Gi c‡i GKwU wµqvevPK kã ev Gerund `iKvi, hv 'best of Indian culture'-†K Object wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡e| cwð‡g fviZxq ms¯‹…wZ †cŠu‡Q †`Iqvi KvR‡K 'bringing' w`‡q †evSv‡bv hvq|

DËi: bringing

(i) k~b¨¯’vb: He (i) __ himself to literature...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (wbw`©ó kãhyM‡ji eÜb): 'himself' (Reflexive Pronoun) Gi Av‡M Ges 'to literature'-Gi Av‡M Ggb GKwU Verb em‡e hv wb‡R‡K †Kv‡bv wKQzi cÖwZ wb‡ew`Z Kivi A_© †`q| 'Devote oneself to' n‡jv GKwU KvVv‡gvMZ eÜb| AZxZ Kv‡ji †cÖ¶vc‡U 'devoted' em‡e|

DËi: devoted

(j) k~b¨¯’vb: ...he began to write (j) __ in all branches...

‡KŠkj cÖ‡qvM (A_©MZ mngwg©Zv I ev‡K¨i MvVwbK cÖZ¨vkv): 'write' (Verb)-Gi c‡i 'in all branches' (Prepositional phrase)| Gi gvSLv‡b †h kãwU em‡e Zv Verb-wU‡K cwiea©b ev we‡klfv‡e eY©bv Ki‡e| mvwn‡Z¨i me kvLvq †jLvi A_© n‡jv cÖPzi cwigv‡Y †jLv| ZvB GLv‡b Adverb 'profusely' ev 'extensively' em‡j evK¨wU A_© I e¨vKiYMZ w`K w`‡q c~Y©Zv cvq|

DËi: profusely / extensively

Dc‡iv³ we‡kølY †_‡K ¯úó †h, †K¬vR †U‡÷ k‡ãi A_© bv †R‡b _vK‡jB nZvk nIqvi wKQz †bB| ev‡K¨ kãwU †Kvb Ae¯’v‡b em‡Q, †mB Ae¯’vbwU †Kvb Parts of Speech-Gi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ, Ges Av‡kcv‡ki k㸇jvi mv‡_ Gi †hŠw³K ev evK¨MVbg~jK m¤úK© Kx-GB wZbwU j¶¨ †i‡L hw` †hŠw³K Abygvb (Logical Deduction) Kiv hvq, Z‡e cÖwZwU k~b¨¯’v‡bB wbf©zj DËi cvIqv m¤¢e| GB 5 I 10 b¤^‡ii †K¬vR †U‡÷i cÖK…Z mvdj¨ Avm‡e ZLbB, hLb wk¶v_©xiv †bvU ev MvB‡Wi †cQ‡b bv †`Š‡o eis fvlvi cÖwZ AvMÖnx n‡e| cÖwZw`b Bs‡iwR ˆ`wbK cwÎKvi m¤úv`Kxq, M‡íi eB ev AvšÍR©vwZK Rvb©vj covi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡e| GKwU kã †Kvb †cÖ¶vc‡U em‡Q, Zvi †cQ‡bi hyw³ Dcjwä Ki‡Z n‡e| wk¶K‡`iI DwPZ K¬v‡m DËi †`Iqvi †P‡q wk¶v_©x‡`i ejv-"†Zvgiv †Kb GB kãwU emv‡j? Gi †cQ‡bi e¨vKiYMZ KviYUv Kx?" ms‡¶‡c, †K¬vR †U÷ KL‡bvB cix¶v_©x‡`i Rb¨ GKwU kvw¯Íg~jK dg©zjv bq| 5 b¤^‡ii †K¬vR †U÷ n‡jv fvlvi BU-cv_i ¸wQ‡q †bIqvi cÖ_g avc, Avi 10 b¤^‡ii †K¬vR †U÷ n‡jv †mB BU w`‡q my›`i GKwU feb ˆZwi Kivi g~j †KŠkj| †evW© cix¶vq GB 15wU b¤^i Avgv‡`i †kLv‡Z Pvq___ fvlv n‡jv †Kej e¨vKi‡Yi wbqgKvbyb bq, fvlv n‡jv A‡_©i GK RxešÍ cÖevn| Avi GB cÖev‡n Mv fvwm‡q w`‡Z cvi‡jB Avmj mvd‡j¨i †`Lv †g‡j|

[†jLK: †gvt Avãyj KvBq~¨g wecyj, cÖfvlK (W.gvneyeyi ingvb †gvjøv K‡jR (DMRC), †Wgiv †ivW, hvÎvevox, XvKv|), MAQ Bipul’s English Masterkey (6-12) - eB Gi †jLK, GKRb fvlvweÁvb I wk¶v we‡kølK]

আরটিভি/এসএস