Landmines on Bangladesh-Myanmar Border Spark Fear and Questions

On Friday, January 24, two separate landmine explosions occurred in Naikhongchhari, a border area between Bangladesh and Myanmar, injuring three Bangladeshi nationals. Reports suggest that the area near the border has fallen under the control of the Arakan Army, a rebel group, following prolonged conflicts with Myanmar's military junta.

The incident has sparked renewed fears among residents in Naikhongchhari. Muhammad Mazharul Islam, the Upazila Executive Officer, suggested that the injured individuals may have crossed the border intentionally or unintentionally, perhaps with malicious intent.

A former local chairman revealed that trade through unofficial border routes has increased since the Arakan Army took control of the area. Some traders reportedly pay bribes to the Arakan Army to transport goods, while others attempt to use alternative routes, risking landmine explosions.

Security analysts noted that landmines are typically used not to kill but to hinder movement, though their placement must follow specific international regulations. Retired Major Nasir Uddin Ahmed described the use of landmines in this context as a violation of international human rights laws, emphasizing the need for proper fencing and signage around minefields.

Human Rights Watch has previously reported that Myanmar's security forces have planted landmines along the Bangladesh border, posing a severe threat to fleeing Rohingya refugees. In 2017, the organization accused Myanmar’s military of laying landmines at key border points and roads in Rohingya-populated areas to prevent their return.

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Analysts believe the Arakan Army might be using landmines to deter Myanmar’s military from reclaiming border territories. However, this clandestine use of landmines blatantly violates international laws, such as the Ottawa Convention, which prohibits the use, production, and stockpiling of anti-personnel mines. Myanmar is not a signatory to this treaty, unlike Bangladesh and 163 other countries.

The explosions have raised questions about the effectiveness of border security. Despite the presence of the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), gaps in surveillance allow such incidents to occur. The Naikhongchhari Upazila Executive Officer cited logistical challenges faced by the BGB in monitoring the extensive border.

Since 2017, landmine explosions have caused numerous casualties along the Bangladesh-Myanmar border, especially during the Rohingya crisis. Residents in Teknaf, Ukhiya, and Naikhongchhari remain on edge due to ongoing conflicts in Myanmar, with shells occasionally landing on Bangladeshi territory.

Security experts advise Bangladesh to strengthen intelligence operations and raise awareness among border residents about the risks of landmines. They also suggest utilizing NGOs to enhance public awareness and adopting a comprehensive approach to address the crisis. Without decisive action, resolving this cross-border issue will remain a significant challenge.
(Source: BBC)