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At a Glance:

The Life and Legacy of Begum Khaleda Zia

Online Desk

Publish : 30 Dec 2025, 09:54 AM
Photo: Collected

The passing of Begum Khaleda Zia, Chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and three-time former Prime Minister, marks the end of a defining era in the nation's history. She breathed her last at 6:00 AM on Tuesday (December 30), leaving behind a legacy of political defiance and historic firsts.

Early Life and Marriage

Born in 1945 in Jalpaiguri (part of greater Dinajpur in British India), Khaleda Zia’s ancestral roots lay in Falgazi, Feni. The daughter of businessman Iskandar Majumder and Taiyaba Majumder, she spent her formative years in Dinajpur.

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In 1960, shortly after matriculating from Dinajpur Government School, she married Ziaur Rahman, then a Captain in the Pakistan Army. While her formal education at Dinajpur Surendranath College was interrupted by her marriage, she was often described in official records as "self-educated," reflecting her vast practical knowledge gained through decades of statecraft.

The Liberation War

During the 1971 Liberation War, Khaleda Zia faced immense personal trial. Pakistani forces detained her and her two young sons, holding them captive in the Dhaka Cantonment from July 2 until the eve of victory on December 15. Following independence, she stood by her husband as he rose to become Army Chief and later the President of Bangladesh.

Political Ascent: The "Uncompromising Leader"

Khaleda Zia’s entry into active politics was born of tragedy. Following the assassination of President Ziaur Rahman in 1981, she stepped into the political vacuum to save the BNP from fragmentation. Despite having no prior political experience, her resolve earned her the title "Aposhheen Netri" (The Uncompromising Leader).

She was the primary architect of the anti-Ershad movement in the 1980s. Leading a seven-party alliance, she maintained a relentless struggle against military rule, which eventually led to the restoration of democracy.

Historic Premierships and Records

  • First Female PM: In 1991, she led the BNP to victory, becoming the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh and only the second woman to lead a Muslim-majority nation.
  • Three Terms: She served as Prime Minister three times (1991, February 1996, and 2001).
  • Unbeaten Election Record: In a unique feat of popularity, she contested 23 parliamentary seats across five different general elections and won every single one of them.

Legal Battles and Final Years

Her later years were marred by legal challenges and deteriorating health. First arrested during the 2007 military-backed caretaker government, she faced further imprisonment in 2018 following a conviction in the Zia Charitable Trust case. At the time of her death, she was out of prison under an executive order (conditional bail) due to her critical health condition.

Summary of a Storied Career

Milestone Detail
Born 1945, Jalpaiguri
Political Entry 1982 (following Ziaur Rahman's death)
Prime Minister Terms 1991–1996, 1996 (Feb), 2001–2006
Political Identity Chairperson of the BNP for over 40 years
Historical Significance Reintroduced Parliamentary Democracy in 1991

The death of Begum Khaleda Zia has triggered an outpouring of grief across the political spectrum, with political parties, social organizations, and citizens acknowledging her role as a central pillar of Bangladeshi democracy for nearly half a century.

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Khaleda Zia’s Body Being Taken to Manik Mia Avenue
The body of BNP Chairperson and former Prime Minister Khaleda Zia, draped in the national flag, is being transported from Gulshan to Manik Mia Avenue for her funeral prayers (Janaza). At 11:04 AM this Wednesday, the motorcade carrying the late leader departed from Tarique Rahman's residence at House 196, Gulshan Avenue. The procession includes a red-and-green bus carrying family members. Tarique Rahman, his wife Zubaida Rahman, daughter Zaima Rahman, and the widow of his younger brother Arafat Rahman Koko are all en route to the funeral site. Read More Khaleda Zia’s Casket, Draped in National Flag, Taken to Gulshan Following the funeral prayers at Manik Mia Avenue, Khaleda Zia will be laid to eternal rest beside the grave of the late President Ziaur Rahman. Security and National Mourning To ensure a smooth funeral process and foolproof security, 27 platoons of the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) have been deployed across the capital, including Manik Mia Avenue. Begum Khaleda Zia passed away at 6:00 AM on Tuesday (December 30) while undergoing treatment at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka. In honor of her passing: The government has declared three days of state mourning from Wednesday to Friday (December 31 to January 2). A public holiday is being observed across the country today, Wednesday.
Khaleda Zia’s Body Being Taken to Manik Mia Avenue
Rare Photos of Khaleda Zia with Ziaur Rahman and Their Children
Begum Khaleda Zia, the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh and the recently deceased Chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), remained an uncompromising figure in her lifelong struggle for democracy, national sovereignty, and the rights of the people. Despite immense political adversity and years of persecution, she never wavered from her ideals—a steadfastness that elevated her to a unique stature in the nation's history. As a pioneering woman leader, Begum Khaleda Zia upheld Bangladesh’s dignity in South Asian politics. Her contributions to the restoration of parliamentary democracy, her leadership in democratic movements, and her role in fostering a robust tradition of opposition politics will be remembered as landmark achievements. Her political foresight and resilient life serve as a source of inspiration for future generations. On this day of her final departure, we present a collection of rare and historic photographs capturing moments of her life with her husband, the late President Ziaur Rahman, and their children. Begum Khaleda Zia's Family. Photo: Collected Martyred President Ziaur Rahman and former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected Begum Khaleda Zia with her two sons Tarique Rahman and Arafat Rahman Koko. Photo: Collected Martyred President Ziaur Rahman and former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected Martyred President Ziaur Rahman and former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected Loving mother Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected Martyred President Ziaur Rahman and former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia. Photo: Collected
Rare Photos of Khaleda Zia with Ziaur Rahman and Their Children
Khaleda Zia’s Casket, Draped in National Flag, Taken to Gulshan
The body of BNP Chairperson and Bangladesh’s first female Prime Minister, Begum Khaleda Zia, has been moved from Evercare Hospital. At 8:55 AM on Wednesday (December 31), the ambulance carrying her remains departed the hospital for Gulshan. Final Journey to Gulshan Draped in the red and green national flag, Begum Zia’s casket is being taken to the residence of BNP Acting Chairman Tarique Rahman on Gulshan Avenue. Family members and close associates will gather there to pay their final private respects. Funeral and Burial Schedule According to the official schedule, the funeral prayer (Janaza) for the "uncompromising leader" will be held at 2:00 PM at the western end of Manik Mia Avenue, near the National Parliament. Read More 3-Day State Mourning for Khaleda Zia, Public Holiday Today Following the service, she will be laid to rest at 3:30 PM at Zia Uddan in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, beside the grave of her husband, the late President Ziaur Rahman. Massive Crowds and Foreign Dignitaries Defying the biting winter cold, crowds began gathering in the capital from dawn to take part in the funeral. Since Tuesday night, large numbers of BNP leaders, activists, and supporters have been seen congregating near the National Parliament, Evercare Hospital, the Gulshan office, and her residence, Firoza. High-level delegations from several South and Southeast Asian countries, including India and Pakistan, are expected to arrive in Dhaka today to pay their last respects. Stringent security measures have been implemented across the capital to manage the large gatherings and ensure the safety of visiting dignitaries. A Historic Legacy Born on August 15, 1945, Begum Khaleda Zia served as the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh and was the second woman to lead a democratic government in the Muslim world, after Benazir Bhutto. She passed away at the age of 80 while undergoing treatment at Evercare Hospital at 6:00 AM on Tuesday (December 30). Her passing marks the end of a significant era in Bangladeshi politics.
Khaleda Zia’s Casket, Draped in National Flag, Taken to Gulshan
Khaleda Zia’s Funeral Today at 2 PM
The funeral prayer (Janaza) for Begum Khaleda Zia—three-time former Prime Minister, Chairperson of the BNP, and a key leader of the democratic movement—will be held today, Wednesday (December 31), at 2:00 PM at Manik Mia Avenue in the capital. Following the prayers, she will be laid to rest with state honors beside her husband, the late President and freedom fighter Ziaur Rahman. The Chief Adviser's Press Wing confirmed the details in a press release issued late Tuesday night. Venue and Logistics According to the Press Wing, Khaleda Zia’s casket will be placed at the western end of Manik Mia Avenue rather than the South Plaza of the National Parliament. The funeral service is expected to span the interior grounds of the Parliament building, its exterior sections, and the entirety of Manik Mia Avenue to accommodate the massive expected turnout. The notification stated that security forces and relevant state agencies are making necessary preparations to ensure that the public can pay their final respects and participate in the funeral without disruption. Provisions are also being made for the public to occupy roads adjacent to Manik Mia Avenue. Burial Details Begum Khaleda Zia will be interred at Zia Uddan in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar at approximately 3:30 PM. The ceremony will be attended by family members, high-ranking state officials, government representatives, foreign dignitaries, diplomats, and designated BNP leaders. Read More Khaleda Zia will Remain Immortal in the Democratic Journey: Tarique Rahman To ensure a disciplined burial process, access to the site will be restricted to authorized personnel only. Public movement within Zia Uddan will remain limited until the interment is complete. National Mourning The BNP has announced a seven-day mourning period following her passing. As part of the program, black flags will be hoisted at the Chairperson's political office in Gulshan, the party's central office in Nayapaltan, and all party offices across the country. Party members will also wear black badges. Begum Khaleda Zia passed away at the age of 80 while undergoing treatment at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka at 6:00 AM on Tuesday. Her death has cast a shadow of grief across the country’s political landscape and beyond.
Khaleda Zia’s Funeral Today at 2 PM
Khaleda Zia will Remain Immortal in the Democratic Journey: Tarique Rahman
BNP Acting Chairman Tarique Rahman has stated that Khaleda Zia will remain immortal in Bangladesh's democratic journey. He made these remarks in a Facebook post on Tuesday afternoon (December 30). "My mother, BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia, has responded to the call of Almighty Allah and left us today. Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un," Tarique Rahman wrote. "To many, she was the 'Deshnetri' (Leader of the Country), the uncompromising leader; to many, she was the 'Mother of Democracy' and the 'Mother of Bangladesh.' Today, the nation is deeply mourned by the loss of a pioneer who played an endless role in the country's democratic path." The BNP Acting Chairman added: "To me, Khaleda Zia was a compassionate mother who dedicated her entire life to the country and its people. Throughout her life, she fought against autocracy, fascism, and hegemonism; she led the struggle to establish independence, sovereignty, and democracy." A Life of Sacrifice Tarique Rahman highlighted her resilience despite personal hardship: "Even while shining through sacrifice and struggle, she was the true guardian of our family—a beacon whose immense love provided strength and inspiration during our hardest times. She was arrested repeatedly, deprived of medical treatment, and subjected to extreme persecution. Yet, amidst pain, loneliness, and uncertainty, she instilled indomitable courage, empathy, and patriotism in every family member." He further noted that for the sake of the country, she lost her husband and her son. "Therefore, this country and its people were her family, her essence, and her existence. She leaves behind an unforgettable history of public service, sacrifice, and struggle that will remain immortal in Bangladesh's democratic journey." Tarique Rahman concluded by requesting prayers: "I ask you all to pray for my mother. My family and I are forever grateful for the emotion, love, and global respect shown toward her by the countrymen." Passing and Tributes Begum Khaleda Zia passed away at 6:00 AM on Tuesday while undergoing treatment at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka. Chief Adviser Professor Muhammad Yunus and leaders of various political parties have expressed deep grief over her death. The BNP has announced a seven-day mourning program. A Legacy Under Pressure During the 16-year rule of the Awami League, Khaleda Zia faced prolonged persecution and imprisonment. She was denied adequate medical treatment, leading to a gradual decline in her health. Although she was later released under conditional terms due to the COVID-19 pandemic, she remained confined to her rented residence, 'Firoza,' in Gulshan. Denied specialized care during the previous regime, she developed multiple complications, including heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, liver cirrhosis, and kidney issues. Following the student-led mass uprising that led to the fall of the Sheikh Hasina government on August 5, 2024, President Mohammed Shahabuddin released Khaleda Zia on August 6. On January 7 of this year, she traveled to London for advanced medical treatment. After a 117-day stay, she returned to Bangladesh on May 6. While her health initially showed signs of improvement, the cumulative toll of her various illnesses and advanced age made her increasingly frail. She was most recently admitted to Evercare Hospital on November 23, where she remained for over a month until her passing.
Khaleda Zia will Remain Immortal in the Democratic Journey: Tarique Rahman
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Millions Bid Tearful Farewell as Begum Zia’s Janaza Concludes
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