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All about Russell's Viper
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20 Jun 2024, 16:30
Photo: Collected
Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) is a venomous snake found in Asia. The species is named for Patrick Russell, a Scottish herpetologist who first described many of India's snakes. In Bengali, this snake is called Chandrobora since it carries lenticular or more precisely lunar marks all over its body. Apart from being a member of the big four snakes in India, Russell's viper is also responsible for causing the most snakebite incidents and deaths among all venomous snakes.
Appearance
These snakes are deep yellow, tan, or brown in color, with three series of dark brown spots that run the length of the body. Each of these spots has a black ring around it, the outer border of which is intensified with a rim of white or yellow. The head has a pair of distinct dark patches, one on each temple, together with a pinkish, salmon, or brownish V or X marking that forms an apex towards the snout. Behind the eye is a dark streak, outlined in white, pink, or buff. The venter is white, whitish, yellowish, or pinkish, often with an irregular scattering of dark spots.
Distribution
Geography Continents: Asia
Sub-Continents: East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia
Countries: India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Pakistan, Cambodia, China, Taiwan,
WWF Biomes: Tropical dry forest, Tropical moist forests
Russell's vipers are found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Pakistan, Cambodia, Tibet, China (Guangxi, Guangdong), Taiwan, and Indonesia (Endeh, Flores, east Java, Komodo, and Lomblen Islands). These snakes are not restricted to any particular habitat but do tend to avoid dense forests. They are mostly found in open, grassy, or bushy areas, but may also be found in second-growth forests (scrub jungles), on forested plantations, and on farmland. Russell's vipers are most common in plains, coastal lowlands, and hills of suitable habitat. Humid environments, such as marshes, swamps, and rainforests, are avoided. They are also often found in highly urbanized areas and settlements in the countryside because of the abundance of rodents.
Habits and Lifestyle
Russell's vipers are solitary terrestrial creatures. They are primarily nocturnal foragers. However, during cool weather, they become more active during the day. These snakes like to bask in the sun during the day. The rest time is spent hiding in the caves, in cracks in the soil, or under the leaf litter. Adults move slowly and sluggishly unless they are threatened; after that, they can become very aggressive. Juveniles are generally more nervous in nature. When threatened, Russell's vipers form a series of S-loops, raise the first third of the body, and produce a hiss that is supposedly louder than that of any other snake. When striking from this position, they can exert so much force that even a large individual can lift most of their body off the ground in the process. These snakes are strong and may react violently to being picked up. The bite may be a snap, or they may hang on for many seconds.
Group name: den, nest, pit, bed, knot
Lifestyle: Terrestrial, Precocial, Ovoviviparous, Predator
Seasonal behavior: Not a migrant
Venom
Venom of this species is delivered by means of solenoglyphous dentition. The quantity of venom produced by individual specimens is considerable. Venom yields for adult specimens have been reported as 130-250 mg, 150-250 mg, and 21-268 mg. For 13 juveniles with an average total length of 79 cm (31 in), the venom yield ranged from 8 to 79 mg (mean 45 mg). For most humans, a lethal dose is about 40-70 mg, well within the amount that can be delivered in one bite. In general, the toxicity depends on a combination of five different venom fractions, each of which is less toxic when tested separately. Venom toxicity and bite symptoms in humans vary within different populations and over time.
Diet and Nutrition
Russell's vipers are carnivores. They feed primarily on rodents but will also eat small reptiles, land crabs, scorpions, and other arthropods. Juveniles hunt lizards. As they grow and become adults, they begin to specialize in rodents.
Mating Habits
Russell's vipers are ovoviviparous which means that females give birth to live young. Mating usually occurs early in the year, although pregnant females may be found at any time. The gestation period lasts more than 6 months. Snakelets are produced from May to November, but mostly in June and July. Litters consist of 20-40 young, although fewer offspring may also occur. At birth, snakelets are 215-260 mm (8.5-10.2 in) in total length. They are independent at birth and reach reproductive maturity at around 2-3 years of age.
Population threats
The main threats to Russell's vipers include illegal collection and trade for food and skins. They are also often killed because of fear.
Population number
Presently, Russell's viper is not included in the IUCN Red List and its conservation status has not been evaluated.
Ecological niche
Russell's vipers are often found in settlements in the countryside attracted by rodents, thus playing a useful role in controlling their populations.
Bites of Russell's Viper
Dry bites or bites where only a very small amount of venom is injected may cause slight bleeding, pain, and swelling at the bite injury. If a moderate amount of venom was injected, you are more likely to have severe pain, swelling of the whole limb, and general ill feelings, such as nausea, vomiting, and weakness.
Precautions to Avoid Bites
Protective gear: Wearing rubber boots and gloves while out in snake habitats could prove useful.
Flashlight: Rechargeable torches could help you see better during night time.
Avoid dark corners: Snakes seek out shady or dark places where they can rest and cool down.
Know your snake prone area: Find out more about your local snake species and about the habitats they prefer.
Do not disturb a snake: Snakes do not bother anyone if left alone.
Do not imitate TV shows: Handling snakes takes immense practice and skill, which is not always portrayed on television.
Do's and don'ts after bites
Do's:
Apply a bandage on the bite site covering the bite and the area around it as early as possible. The bandage should not be tight. Avoid unnecessary and sharp movements.
Place a splint while bandaging, to avoid joint movements. Walking or running is not advisable. In case of a bite on the hand, bandage the arm and put in a sling from the shoulder.
Don'ts
Panicking during such times would make matters worse. Do not make any cut, scratch or incision, leave the bite alone. Do not suck the wound, it is a myth and medically not advisable. Do not apply an ice pack to the bitten area. Do not use a tight bandage or tourniquet. Alcohol, herbal medicine or aspirin are not medically-proven antidotes.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Sub-Phylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Sub-Order: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Genus: Daboia
Species: Daboia russelii
Population size: Unknown
Life span: 15 years
Length: 120-166 cm/inch
Source: Animalia Bio
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Inside the town where three religions come together
It has a 7,000-year-old history, was home to two of Christianity and Islam's most important figures … and has some of the best hummus you’re likely to eat. Tarsus – in eastern Turkey, around 180 miles from the Syrian border – is a gumbo of history, religion, and food.
Twelve miles inland from the Mediterranean and around 560 miles southeast of Istanbul, Tarsus was originally built close to the Cydnus River. As the main point of access from the Taurus Mountains to the sea, the city was a major player in trade as early as 1600-1180 BCE, when it was ruled by the Hittites, an ancient civilization. In 67 BCE, under the Romans, it became the capital of Cilicia Pedias – the Cilician Plain, a vast, fertile area in modern southeast Turkey – and prospered.
In ancient times Tarsus was renowned as 'a center for education, philosophy and important universities,' says Atalay Dik, a mariner and lover of his hometown, who can often be found sharing his knowledge with tourists at Saint Paul Café and Restaurant, owned by his family. 'Even now, students come from universities in Alexandria and Athens to do their Masters degrees (here).'
In the footsteps of St. Paul
Part of the appeal of Tarsus is that here, the past is often present. 'Tarsus is a place where you can explore centuries-old mosques and churches, and see firsthand how Christianity and Islam have coexisted and shaped the city's rich cultural tapestry,' says Jane Gundoğan, author of 'Mersin All Over,' the only English-language guidebook dedicated to the area.
You don't need to imagine walking in St. Paul’s footsteps – you can do it. He was born here as Saul, a Jew, around 4 BCE. He went on to become one of the leaders of the nascent Christian religion, converting thousands to the faith.
Pilgrims can visit 'St. Paul's church,' also known as the St. Paul Memorial Museum. Commissioned by the Orthodox community in 1850, it was built on the site of a much earlier place of worship dating to the 11th or 12th century. There has been no official Christian community in Tarsus since 1923, the year of the Greece-Turkey population exchange, but restoration works in 2001 returned the frescoes to their full glory. Jesus takes center stage, flanked by the four evangelists – Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John – in the naves on either side. Angels levitating above the apses complete the adornment. Outside is an Escher-like arrangement of staircase, repeated arches, and metal railings on the building’s exterior.
From the lions’ den to Tarsus
You'll likely know the Bible story of Daniel, who was thrown into a den of lions for praying to his God. The story goes that the lions left Daniel untouched, causing Darius – the king of Babylon, who had reluctantly sent him there – to recognize the Jewish God. In the Turkish version of the story, Daniel died in Tarsus, having traveled there in his old age to pray for rain during a crippling drought.
According to historical records, after Tarsus was conquered by the forces of Ömer, an 11th-century caliph, a body was discovered shrouded in cloth embellished with gold thread. There was a ring on one of the fingers, etched with the image of a child standing between two lions. Ömer took this to mean that the body was Daniel's and ordered the grave be buried even deeper so as not to be discovered. The tomb remained undisturbed until renovations in 2006.
Although several other countries lay claim to being the site of Daniel's grave, this – known as Danyal Peygamber Kabri – is the only one where you reach it by walking through a 19th-century mosque, among the remains of a 16th-century Ottoman bath and over the arches of a bridge that once spanned a river.
The mosque is still in use, so visitors must meet Islamic standards of modesty by covering their arms and legs, and women also need a headscarf (you can borrow clothes if need be). Once down in the rather sparse room said to have been Daniel's last resting place it's common to see Muslim women kneeling in prayer next to a metal grille.
Mosques and markets
Not far from the tomb is the austere 16th century Ulu Camii, Tarsus' Grand Mosque, whose 33-foot minaret doubles as a clock tower. The clock was added in the 19th century and was brought over from Europe especially.
Next to it is Kırkkaşık Bedesten or '40 Spoons Bazaar' – a covered market originally built as an imaret, or soup kitchen, in 1579. Topped by seven domes, the 21 rooms are a hive of activity with stores selling blue Turkish 'evil eyes,' ceramics, shawls and other souvenirs.
The most popular souvenir is inspired by an epic love story. Kleopatra Iksiri, or 'Cleopatra's Potion,' is named for the Egyptian beauty who came to Tarsus to meet Roman commander Mark Antony in 41 BCE. 'Legend has it that Cleopatra possessed a mystical elixir rumored to have kept her eternally youthful,' says Gundoğan. 'Some say it was a brew concocted from rare herbs found only in the hidden corners of Tarsus while others speculate that it was infused with the magic of the gods themselves.' It's much sought after by domestic tourists of a certain age who believe that this so-called Elixir of Youth can work wonders.
Just around the corner, in the Bilal Habeşi Mescidi, a different kind of miracle took place. Bilal ibn Rabah was born into slavery in Mecca and became one of the most trusted companions of the Prophet Mohammed.
Persecuted for converting to Islam in 615 CE and later emancipated, Rabah was Islam's first-ever muezzin – the official who calls the faithful to prayer. This small mosque built in his honor in the seventh century was, Dik believes, the site of the first Islamic call to prayer in Tarsus. It's widely accepted that Bilal ibn Rabah came to Tarsus and recited the call to prayer – though whether it was for the first time is disputed. Either way, despite the structure's nondescript appearance, it's thrilling to know this is where history was made.
Hummus and history
The hummus in Tarsus is as sensational as its history – Gundoğan, for example, calls it 'life-changing.' Hummus is served in dozens of Tarsus restaurants but those in the know head for local institution Kervan Humus, where the basic offering is anything but. A plate of slightly warm, smooth, creamy hummus comes drizzled with sizzling oil, a sprinkle of parsley, a handful of whole chickpeas, and a scattering of red pepper flakes. Feeling hungry? Try the hummus with sucuk (spicy sausage), pastırma (cured meat) or even thin slices of steak.
After a hummus overload, many visitors walk off the calories in the Kızılmurat neighborhood. Past a stretch of Roman road discovered by accident in 1993, the streets are lined with old Ottoman houses, many adorned with wooden beams, white plaster walls, and cumbia, traditional windows jutting out overhead. 'It's a unique part of Tarsus because the local government officials encourage the rebuilding of Ottoman houses to their former glory,' says Gundoğan.
She suggests starting at the House of St. Paul, where the apostle is said to have been born.
It's not a whole house – the structure is said to have been dismantled by German soldiers in World War I and only the foundations remain, fenced off and on display under glass in the courtyard. Nonetheless, she says, 'It's a pilgrimage site that resonates with centuries of religious significance and offers a window into the life and teachings of one of Christianity’s most influential figures.'
Gundoğan suggests drinking from St. Paul's well, also located on the grounds. At first glance, the well appears to be like any other, but scientific evidence dates it to the Roman period when Paul was alive. Believers attribute healing powers to the water.
A glass of homemade lemonade at Saint Paul Café and Restaurant in the center of the old town might not be curative, but it's certainly refreshing. Housed in a 180-year-old building, the cafe is owned by Hikmet and Hasan Oğuzcan, cousins of Atalay Dik. Many of the possessions of the former owners have been retained, from embroidered cushions to Turkish coffee cups. The quirky sitting room even has a shower in one corner.
Tarsus offers a wonderful mix: of Christianity and Islam, hummus, and Ottoman architecture. There’s even a local museum too, and it’s far from dusty, containing interesting archaeological finds and fun ethnographic tableaux showing traditional local scenes.
Dik recommends visitors allow at least three days to appreciate his city. He should know.
'I’ve traveled to almost all parts of the New World but I’m very proud of my city,' he says.
'I always feel calmer when I return to Tarsus. I can breathe in culture and tolerance towards human beings more deeply, living here amongst all the ancient cultures and civilizations with antique ruins all around the city.'
10 Yoga exercises that could help lift your mood and fight depression
Yoga has been practiced for thousands of years and has gained recognition in recent times as a complementary approach to managing various mental health conditions, including depression. While Yoga should not replace professional medical treatment, it can be a valuable addition to a comprehensive depression management plan.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Himalayan Siddhaa Akshar, Founder of Akshar Yoga Kendraa, suggested several Yoga techniques that may help alleviate symptoms of depression-
1. Sun Salutations (Surya Namaskar):
This flowing sequence of poses synchronizes breath with movement, promoting circulation and energy flow throughout the body. The rhythmic nature of Sun Salutations can help calm the mind and boost mood. Practicing 5-10 rounds daily, especially in the morning, may help establish a positive routine and increase motivation.
2. Backbends:
Poses like Cobra (Bhujangasana), Bridge (Setu Bandhasana), and Camel (Ustrasana) open the chest and heart area. These poses are believed to counteract the physical manifestations of depression, such as slouched posture and shallow breathing. Backbends can promote feelings of openness and may help lift one's mood.
3. Inversions:
Poses that invert the body, such as Headstand (Sirsasana), Shoulder Stand (Sarvangasana), or even simple Legs-Up-the-Wall pose (Viparita Karani), are thought to alter blood flow and stimulate the nervous system. These poses may help shift perspective and provide a sense of renewed energy.
4. Forward Bends:
Seated Forward Bend (Paschimottanasana) and Standing Forward Bend (Uttanasana) can have a calming effect on the nervous system. These poses encourage introspection and may help quiet an overactive mind, potentially reducing anxiety and rumination often associated with depression.
5. Balancing Poses:
Tree Pose (Vrksasana) and Warrior III (Virabhadrasana III) require focus and concentration, which can help redirect attention away from negative thoughts. The act of finding physical balance may translate to emotional balance and improved self-confidence.
6. Restorative Yoga:
This gentle form of yoga uses props to support the body in passive poses held for extended periods. Restorative poses like Supported Child's Pose or Reclined Bound Angle Pose can activate the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting relaxation and reducing stress.
7. Pranayama (Breathing Exercises):
Specific breathing techniques can have a powerful effect on mood and energy levels. Alternate Nostril Breathing (Nadi Shodhana) may help balance the nervous system, while Victorious Breath (Ujjayi) can be calming and grounding. Deep belly breathing (Diaphragmatic Breathing) can activate the relaxation response and reduce anxiety.
8. Yoga Nidra:
This guided meditation practice, often called "yogic sleep," involves lying in Savasana (Corpse Pose) while following verbal cues to systematically relax the body and mind. Regular practice of Yoga Nidra may help reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety by promoting deep relaxation and self-awareness.
9. Mantra Meditation:
Repeating a mantra or positive affirmation during yoga practice or meditation can help redirect the mind from negative thought patterns. Simple mantras like "So Hum" (I am that) or personalized affirmations can be powerful tools for shifting perspective.
10. Healing walk
Lift your arms up keeping them at shoulder width distance. Now, start walking with your arms raised in this position and your hands can be up in the air for 1-3 minutes. Initially this may not be possible as you will have to train the muscles of your arms and shoulders and strengthen them. Build up to 1-3 minutes gradually by starting of with a minute increase and so on until you are physically capable enough with the strength required to hold your arms up for 1-3 minutes straight. One round practice will require you to perform a minimum of three sets of these walks of minimum 1-3 minutes each.
Himalayan Siddhaa Akshar insisted that by consistently practicing these Yoga techniques, individuals may experience improvements in mood, energy levels and overall well-being. The combination of physical movement, breath awareness and mindfulness inherent in Yoga practice can provide a holistic approach to addressing the complex nature of depression.
Source: HT
How to reuse a candle jar instead of throwing it out
Have you ever wondered what to do with decorative candle jars once they’re empty? There are plenty of creative (and practical) ways to upcycle the containers instead of just tossing them in the trash. So next time you finish burning a scented candle, here’s how to reuse the candle jar around the home.
How to remove candle wax from a jar
The first and most important step to reusing candle jars is to remove the leftover wax. According to the National Candle Association (NCA), you should stop burning candles when half an inch of wax is left in the container or jar.
Freezer method
The most common way to remove candle wax from a jar is to place it in the freezer and leave it there overnight — a day or two is even better. This will shrink the wax so that it’s easier to remove. If the wax doesn’t come right out when you flip the jar over, you can use a spoon to gently remove it. (Breaking the wax into smaller pieces can also help.)
Boiling water method
In a rush? You can remove leftover wax from a jar much faster with boiling water. As someone who has cleaned and reused plenty of candle jars, this is my preferred way to remove wax.
Simply boil water in a kettle and pour it into the candle jar, leaving at least an inch of space at the top. The wax will melt and rise to the surface as it cools down. Then, once the wax has solidified (be patient!), you can easily scoop it out with a spoon.
How to clean candle jars
Even after following the instructions above, it’s normal for there to be some wax along the walls of the candle jar. Luckily, you don’t need any fancy cleaning tools to get it looking spotless. We suggest using warm water, dish soap and a sponge to help remove any leftover residue — a damp paper towel works wonders for cleaning up wax too. The NCA says you can also try running hot water over the exterior of the candle jar and then wiping away the melted wax.
Whether you use the freezer or boiling water method, the candle wick should ideally come out along with the wax. “If not, try running hot water over it to release the adhesive,” the NCA says. “Remember, avoid using knives or sharp tools for this as it could damage the jar and cause injury.”
If you want to remove the label (some are pretty enough to keep on), you can soak the jar in hot water. Goo Gone can also help with any sticky adhesive that gets left behind.
How to reuse candle jars
Once you have a clean jar, there are so many ways to reuse it. Here are some of my favorite ideas, but the potential uses are pretty much endless.
As a storage container
The most straightforward way to reuse a candle jar is as a storage container — I have old candle jars holding things all over my apartment. They can be used to store small items like cotton balls and cotton swabs in the bathroom or to organize office supplies at your desk. (Taller jars are great for pens and pencils, and smaller jars for holding paper clips and rubber bands.) And if your vanity is a mess, try using an old candle jar to corral your makeup brushes.
As a cocktail glass
If your candle jar is made of food-safe materials, you can even use it as a cocktail glass. Not many candle manufacturers advertise their containers as food-safe, so you may have to do some digging. I’m a big fan of the candles in Paddywax’sLa Playa collection, which are designed for this — they even come with a fun cocktail recipe!
As a catchall in your entryway
You can also use empty jars as a catchall in your entryway for keys, headphones, and hand sanitizer — large, shallow containers work best for this. Candle jars are perfect for holding spare change too — you’ll know exactly where to go when you need a coin to scratch off a lottery ticket or the back of a gift card.
As decor
If you host often, you can fill empty jars with things like seashells, pine cones, or battery-powered fairy lights for an easy centerpiece idea. Candy would be a great option too.
One of my favorite ways to reuse a candle jar is as a flower vase — Homesick candles, for example, are the perfect size for small bouquets. You can also reuse candle jars as decorative planters and build mini terrariums in them. (For plants that require drainage, you can keep them in their nursery pots or drill holes in the jar.)
As a new candle
Feeling crafty? You can refill old jars with wax to make a new candle. It’s a lot easier than it sounds! Some brands even offer refillable candle kits that come with pre-scented wax, a wick, and a wick holder.
10 Best Types of Tea for Health IncludingTips for Consuming It
Tea is more than a comforting drink to enjoy at the start or end of your day. Drinking certain tea varieties has been linked to several health advantages, including improved heart health, enhanced immune system function, and reduced risk of chronic diseases, depending on the tea. Interestingly, some teas are noted for offering more pronounced health benefits than others, attributed to their high levels of antioxidants, polyphenols, and other beneficial compounds.
There are two categories of tea: "true tea," which originates from the Camellia sinensis plant, and herbal teas, which are concoctions of various plants, herbs, fruits, or spices infused in hot water. True teas contain caffeine, as well as antioxidants known as catechins. Herbal teas—such as chamomile, peppermint, or hibiscus—are caffeine-free teas and offer a myriad of health benefits like soothing an upset stomach, reducing inflammation, and promoting relaxation.1
Most teas offer comfort in a cup and health benefits to boot, but some might be more beneficial for your health than others. If you are looking for the “best” teas for your health, here are the top 10.
1. Green Tea
Green tea stands out as one of the healthiest choices among various types of teas, primarily due to its high concentration of antioxidants. Green tea comes from the Camellia sinensis plant.2
Just like other true teas, green tea is unique in its preparation. The leaves are quickly harvested and steamed to prevent oxidation, allowing them to retain their natural green color and potent nutritional profile. This process ensures that green tea is rich in catechins, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant known for its myriad health benefits.2
These benefits include aiding in weight loss, supporting brain function, and heart health benefits.34
Yıldırım Ayaz E, Dincer B, Mesci B. Effect of green tea on blood pressure in healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. Altern Ther Health Med. 2023;29(5):66-73.
Green tea is also associated with a lower risk of certain types of cancers and has anti-inflammatory properties, making it a superior choice for those looking to enhance their overall health.5
2. Black Tea
Black tea, distinguished by its rich flavor and dark coloration, is another excellent choice. Characterized as a fully oxidized tea, it undergoes a longer fermentation process than green tea, which contributes to its distinctively robust flavor and higher caffeine content.
Originating from the same Camellia sinensis plant, the difference in black tea's health benefits and profile is primarily due to its unique processing method. This procedure enhances its concentration of flavonoids, particularly theaflavins, and thearubigins, which are potent antioxidants known to support heart health by potentially helping reduce cholesterol levels, improving gut health, and decreasing blood pressure.67
Black tea has also been linked to reduced stroke risk and a lower likelihood of developing dementia, making it one of the healthiest tea choices for those aiming to bolster their overall wellness.8
3. Peppermint Tea
Peppermint tea is a popular herbal tea made from the leaves of the peppermint plant, known scientifically as Mentha piperita. It's not only cherished for its refreshing taste but also for its wide range of health benefits.
Rich in antioxidants, peppermint tea aids in supporting digestion in certain situations. Its antispasmodic properties also help in relieving muscle spasms and stomach discomfort.9 It's naturally caffeine-free, making it an excellent choice for those looking to reduce their caffeine intake while still enjoying a soothing, flavorful beverage.
Peppermint tea may offer unique benefits for people focused on lowering their testosterone levels, like some people with a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Some data suggest that drinking peppermint tea may help people experience lower testosterone, but more quality data is needed to confirm this.10
4. Chamomile Tea
Chamomile tea, derived from the dried flowers of the chamomile plant, is a widely consumed herbal tea known for its calming effects. It's a healthy choice for several reasons. Firstly, chamomile tea is imbued with antioxidants, which play a role in reducing the risk of several diseases, including heart disease and cancer.
Chamomile is also known for its potential to promote better sleep quality due to its apigenin content, an antioxidant that binds to certain receptors in the brain to decrease anxiety and initiate sleep.11 Additionally, chamomile tea has properties that may aid in digestion and reduce the severity of menstrual pain.12 Its gentle, soothing qualities make it an excellent beverage for relaxation and stress reduction.
5. Oolong Tea
Oolong tea, a traditional Chinese tea that falls somewhere between green and black tea in oxidation, presents a myriad of health benefits, making it a great choice for tea enthusiasts. Its unique processing involves withering the plant under the strong sun and then oxidation before curling and twisting.13
This particular method retains antioxidant properties and mineral content, which are beneficial for reducing inflammation, supporting healthy metabolism, and supporting heart health.13
6. Dandelion Tea
Dandelion tea, derived from the roots and leaves of the dandelion plant, stands out as a healthful beverage choice due to its plethora of benefits. It is packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which contribute to potentially helping support liver health, stimulating digestion, and reducing inflammation in the body.14
Dandelion tea also has diuretic properties that help flush out toxins, promoting kidney health. The presence of potent antioxidants, further enhances its ability to combat oxidative stress, supporting overall wellness.14
7. White Tea
White tea, named for the fine white fuzz that covers its buds, is a minimally processed tea known for its delicate flavor and aroma. This tea originates primarily from the Camellia sinensis plant's young leaves and buds. A standout feature of white tea is its high antioxidant content. These compounds can help combat oxidative stress and may support overall health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases.15
White tea's low caffeine content makes it a gentle, calming beverage choice for many, offering a subtle energy boost without the jitters associated with stronger caffeinated drinks. Additionally, white tea is revered for its potential benefits, including supporting heart health, aiding in weight management, and enhancing skin health.15
8. Rooibos Tea
Rooibos tea, originating from the South African fynbos region, is a caffeine-free herbal tea made from the leaves of the Aspalathus linearis plant. This reddish-brown tea is celebrated for its sweet, earthy flavor and a variety of health benefits. Rooibos is rich in antioxidants, which help combat free radicals in the body, potentially reducing the risk of cancer and heart disease.16 It's also known for its calming properties, assisting in reducing stress and promoting restful sleep.17
9. Hibiscus Tea
Hibiscus tea, a refreshing beverage made from the dried petals of the Hibiscus sabdariffa flower, is known for its tangy flavor, and its health benefits. Containing antioxidants such as vitamin C and beta-carotene, it aids in neutralizing free radicals that can cause inflammation and disease.18
Hibiscus tea may contribute to lowering blood pressure and improving overall cardiovascular health, making it a healthy choice for those looking to enhance their diet with beneficial plant compounds.18
10. Ginger Tea
Ginger tea, known for its distinctive spicy flavor and aroma, is a popular herbal beverage made from the root of the ginger plant. It is hailed as a healthy choice due to its rich content of antioxidants and bioactive compounds, such as gingerol, which have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These properties contribute to numerous health benefits, including easing digestive discomfort, reducing nausea, and potentially lowering the risk of chronic diseases.19
Tips for Consuming Tea
Preparing tea is both an art and a science. Begin by boiling water, but be mindful not to overheat—different teas flourish at varying temperatures. For most teas, steeping for 3 to 5 minutes extracts the perfect balance of flavor. Consider adding functional ingredients like ginger for digestion, honey for sweetness, or lemon for a vitamin C boost.
Choosing between loose-leaf tea and tea bags can significantly affect the quality of your tea experience. Loose-leaf teas may offer a superior flavor and aroma, as they contain larger leaves that have room to expand and fully release their essence during steeping. On the other hand, tea bags provide convenience and speed, perfect for those on the go.
Oversteeping (leaving the tea in hot water too long) may do more harm than good. Doing so can lead to a bitter taste, particularly in black and green teas. Similarly, overheating water can damage delicate tea leaves, especially white and green teas, resulting in a harsh and burnt flavor.
For those who prefer a cooler beverage, transforming your tea into iced tea is simple. Brew it stronger than usual, then pour over ice or chill in the refrigerator to enjoy a refreshing twist on your favorite tea. On sunny days, brewing a sun tea by using the sun’s rays to warm your water while your tea steeps is a fun way to enjoy the season.
A Healthy Lifestyle Late in Life Still Offers Benefits
Even late in life, following healthy habits can help people live longer, suggests a study published online June 20, 2024, by JAMA Network Open. Researchers examined the lifestyles of 5,222 people aged 80 and older. They then looked at who in the group reached age 100 (centenarians) and who did not.
The team ranked each person's lifestyle on a scale from zero to 6, with higher scores suggesting healthier behaviors. The scores were calculated based on habits such as diet diversity, regular exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI). The participants who scored between 5 and 6 lived the longest, on average, and were most likely to become centenarians. Those who scored between zero and 2 lived the shortest time.
According to the researchers, three of the lifestyle habits had the most impact on longevity: diet, exercise, and not smoking. Centenarians consumed the greatest amounts of fruits, vegetables, fish, beans, and tea. They also engaged in regular exercise, such as running and practicing qi gong, and never smoked. (Alcohol consumption and BMI didn't affect whether someone lived to 100.)
It's important to note that the results only showed an association and did not account for people's lifestyles when they were younger. However, they do suggest that continuing healthy habits even at an advanced age might offer life-prolonging benefits.
Source: HHP
Men Had Most Fun on Emmys Red Carpet
Menswear is often an afterthought in Hollywood awards' best-dressed lists. But on an Emmys red carpet heavy with demure, sophisticated gowns, it was the male attendees who shone at LA’s Peacock Theater on Sunday in a range of bold, adventurous, and considered outfits.
This isn't to say that classic looks were missed. Ramy Youssef, Joshua Jackson, "Fargo" actor Lamorne Morris, and "The Bear" star (and Calvin Klein underwear model) Jeremy Allen White all looked predictably suave in no-frills tuxes.
However, some of the most successful ensembles of the night subtly (and sometimes not-so-subtly) played on the codes of black-tie convention.
Irish actor Andrew Scott, for instance, swapped a traditional white button-up and bow tie for a low-cut ruffled black shirt beneath a wide-lapeled Vivienne Westwood jacket. "Abbott Elementary" actor Tyler James Williams’ Dolce & Gabbana tuxedo shirt, meanwhile, might have been considered classic cocktail wear — were it not for the fact it had no sleeves.
Williams' co-star Chris Perfetti also went for ruffles, pairing his wide-legged, floor-length pants with a flamboyant shirt from Christian Siriano's Spring 2025 ready-to-wear collection. The awards' co-host Dan Levy similarly looked to the runways for his shirt choice, opting for a sleek Loewe design with a structured, sculptural collar.
Attendees had fun with cummerbunds, too. While the waist sashes are normally markers of formality, "The Traitors" actor Alan Cumming's became a train that emerged from his cream Teddy Vonranson jacket and doubled up as a scarf. "Fellow Travelers" co-stars Matt Bomer and Jonathan Bailey meanwhile used cummerbunds to elevate their outfits, with the latter complimenting the silky, chest-bearing shirt of his Giorgio Armani outfit.
The night’s other fun accessories included lapel pins and brooches, while eye-catching colors proved another way to make a statement. "Fallout" star Aaron Moten arrived in an all-red Kenzo suit with a Nehru collar; Bowen Yang, nominated as Outstanding Supporting Actor for "Saturday Night Live," wore a cream Bode suit jacket over a bright red tasseled top; and "True Detective" actor Finn Bennett ditched a jacket in favor of a silk maroon Saint Laurent mock neck.
Source: CNN
Significance of Eating Hilsa During Durga Puja
Hilsa or Ilish plays a crucial role in Bengali culture. From Wedding rituals to Durga Puja celebrations, Hilsa fish is crucial for holy sacrifice in the region, symbolizing the collective hope for a future filled with luck and happiness.
Ilish is not only considered auspicious but also the national fish of Bangladesh, apart from its importance in West Bengal during Durga Puja. So let’s know more about the Hilsa fish or Bangladeshi Padma Ilish.
What is Hilsa fish or Ilish fish?
The Hilsa fish, also called Ilish, holds an exceptional position in the culinary customs and social practices of Bengal. It is a fish that is highly prized because of its delicate flavor, distinct taste, and silky texture. It is a proper and authentic Bengali delicacy. Found primarily in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, the Hilsa fish has turned into an indispensable part of the local food in nations like Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar.
Hilsa has a rich history and social importance, making it a subject of admiration, motivation, and artistic expression. This fish generally holds an exceptional spot in Bengali culture and is even viewed as the state fish of West Bengal. Here, the well-known Hilsa is regarded as a culinary treasure and a symbol of honor.
It is likewise called the "king of fish". Bangladesh produces around 70% of the world's Ilish, making it a subject of public pride. Ilish is also the national fish of Bangladesh.
Why is Hilsa fish significant in Bengali culture during Durga Puja?
The significance of Ilish in Bengali cooking couldn't be overstated. The "king of fish" is a fundamental part of the culinary culture on both sides of the border. Hilsa from Padma graces Bengali tables for each special event. Durga Puja, the grandest celebration of all is no exception.
It is said that the Ilish from Padma is the tastiest of all varieties of fish. The rich fat and thick succulent texture of the kind make it distinct. The fish relocates from the Bay of Bengal to freshwater rivers and is exceptionally pursued its extraordinary flavor profile, which is upgraded by the particular water conditions of the Padma River, as per the International Collective in Support of Fishworkers. The kinds of Ilish from rivers like Ganga, Hooghly, and Mahanadi are no match when it comes to celebrating important events.
Hilsa plays an important part during Saraswati puja too, when the Hindu goddess of learning is worshipped, pairs of fish are presented to the deity as a sacred offering.
Padma Ilish is not only in high demand in West Bengal but also at markets in New Delhi, Jharkhand, Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Bihar who also anxiously seek this valued fish while observing other vital rituals and festivals like Pohela Boishakh (Bengali New Year) and Jamai Soshti.
The magnificent Padma Ilish rules among different kinds of Bangladeshi Ilish as well. The less popular Ilish varieties in Bangladesh are the Chandana Ilish from the Meghna River's downstream estuary and the saltwater Gurta Ilish.
Hilsa is a popular fish in both Bangladesh and India, and it is considered a delicacy during various Puja including Durga Puja. The festival is celebrated by millions of people in both countries, and the demand for Hilsa is expected to be high.
Source: BS
